Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection FAQ
What is HIV?
HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, leading to a weakened defense against infections and diseases.
How is HIV transmitted?
HIV is transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to baby during childbirth or breastfeeding.
What are the symptoms of HIV?
Initial symptoms may include fever, fatigue, and swollen glands, but many people do not have any symptoms at the early stage of infection.
Can HIV be cured?
Currently, there is no cure for HIV, but with proper treatment and medication, the virus can be controlled effectively.
What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
HIV is the virus that causes the infection, while AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the advanced stage of HIV infection with a significant decrease in the immune system's function.
How is HIV diagnosed?
HIV can be diagnosed through blood tests that detect the presence of antibodies or antigens related to the virus.
Can HIV be transmitted through saliva?
HIV cannot be transmitted through saliva unless there are significant amounts of blood in it.
How effective are HIV medications?
HIV medications, when taken as prescribed, can effectively control the virus, reduce the viral load, and prevent disease progression.
What are the side effects of HIV medications?
Common side effects may include nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, and headache, but not everyone experiences them.
Is it safe to take HIV medications during pregnancy?
Yes, taking HIV medications during pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to the baby.
Can HIV medications interact with other drugs?
Some HIV medications can interact with other drugs, so it's important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking.
How long does an HIV test take?
HIV test results may be available in as little as 20 minutes with rapid tests, while standard tests may take a few days.
Can you get HIV from kissing?
HIV cannot be transmitted through closed-mouth kissing, as there is no exchange of bodily fluids.
What should I do if I think I've been exposed to HIV?
Seek medical attention immediately, as prompt intervention with post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can reduce the risk of infection.
Can I live a normal life with HIV?
With proper treatment and care, many people with HIV can lead long, healthy lives and have a normal life expectancy.
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Information provided by Maryam Abdullahi-Mahdi. Reviewed by Mr. Matthew Liew